Uislamu kwa nchi

Uislamu kwa nchi

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Uislamu ni dini ya pili duniani kwa wingi wa wafuasi. Kulingana na utafiti uliofanywa mwaka 2010 na kutolewa Januari 2011,^[1][2] Waislamu ni bilioni 1.57, unachukua zaidi ya asilimia 23 ya idadi ya watu wote.^[3][4][5]

Waislamu walio wengi ni wa madhehebu ya: Sunni (75–90%)^[6] au Shia (10–20%).^[7] Ahmadiyya wanawakilisha karibia 1% ya Waislamu wa dunia nzima.^[8]

Uislamu ni dini yenye nguvu huko Mashariki ya Kati, Afrika Magharibi, Pembe la Afrika, Sahel,^{[1][9][10][11]} na baadhi ya sehemu za Asia.^[12] Baadhi ya jumuia za Kiislamu pia zinapatikana huko Uchina, Balkans, Uhindi na Urusi.^[1][13]

Sehemu nyingine za dunia ambazo zina jumuia nyingi za wahamiaji wa Kiislamu ni pamoja na Ulaya ya Magharibi, kwa mfano, ambapo Uislamu ni dini ya pili kwa ukubwa baada ya Ukristo, ambapo inawakilisha asilimia 6 ya jumla ya wakazi wote.^[14]

Kulingana na ripoti ya Pew Research Center mnamo 2010 kulikuwa na idadi kubwa ya Waislamu katika nchi zipatazo 49.^[15] Karibu asilimia 62 ya Waislamu wa duniani kote wanaishi Kusini na Kusini mashariki mwa bara la Asia, ikiwa na wafuasi zaidi ya bilioni 1.^[16] Nchi yenye idadi kubwa ya Waislamu duniani ni Indonesia, hii peke yake inachukua asilimia 12.7 ya idadi ya Waislamu wote wa dunia, ikifuatiwa na Pakistan (11.0%), India (10.9%), na Bangladesh (9.2%).^[1][17] Karibia asilimia 20 ya Waislamu wanaishi katika nchi za Kiarabu.^[18] Huko Mashariki ya Kati, nchi ambazo si za Kiarabu - Uturuki na Iran - ni nchi zenye Waislamu wengi sana; huko Afrika, Misri na Nigeria zina jumuia nyingi za Kiislamu.^[1][17] Utafiti huo umekuta Waislamu wengi zaidi huko Uingereza kuliko hata Lebanon na wengi zaidi huko China kuliko hata nchini Syria.^[1]

1. ↑ ^{1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5} "Muslim Population by Country". The Future of the Global Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
2. ↑ "Preface", The Future of the Global Muslim Population, Pew Research Center, ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2013-07-25, iliwekwa mnamo 2015-04-14 {{citation}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
3. ↑ "Executive Summary". The Future of the Global Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
4. ↑ "Christian Population as Percentages of Total Population by Country". Global Christianity. Pew Research Center. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-12-24. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
5. ↑ "Turmoil in the world of Islam". Deccan Chronicle. Iliwekwa mnamo 14 Februari 2015.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
6. ↑ Tazama:
   • "Sunnite". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/574006/Sunnite. Retrieved 2010-08-26. "They numbered about 900 million in the late 20th century and constituted nine-tenths of all the adherents of Islām.".
   • Islamic Beliefs, Practices, and Cultures. Marshall Cavendish. 2010. uk. 352. ISBN 0-7614-7926-0. Iliwekwa mnamo Desemba 19, 2011. A common compromise figure ranks Sunnis at 90 percent.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • "Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population". Pew Research Center. Oktoba 7, 2009. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-09-24. Of the total Muslim population, 10-13% are Shia Muslims and 87-90% are Sunni Muslims.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • "Quick guide: Sunnis and Shias", BBC News, 2011-12-06. Retrieved on December 18, 2011. "The great majority of Muslims are Sunnis - estimates suggest the figure is somewhere between 85% and 90%." 
   • Sunni Islam: Oxford Bibliographies Online Research Guide "Sunni Islam is the dominant division of the global Muslim community, and throughout history it has made up a substantial majority (85 to 90 percent) of that community."
   • "Sunni and Shia Islam". Library of Congress Country Studies. Iliwekwa mnamo Desemba 17, 2011. Sunni constitute 85 percent of the world's Muslims.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • "Sunni". Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2014-10-12. Iliwekwa mnamo Desemba 20, 2012. Sunni Islam is the largest denomination of Islam, comprising about 85% of the world's over 1.5 billion Muslims.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • "Tension between Sunnis, Shiites emerging in USA", USA Today, 2007-09-24. Retrieved on 2013-09-24. "Among the world's estimated 1.4 billion Muslims, about 85% are Sunni and about 15% are Shiite." 
   • Inside Muslim minds "around 80% are Sunni"
   • Who Gets To Narrate the World "The Sunnis (approximately 80%)"
   • A world theology N. Ross Reat "80% being the Sunni"
   • Islam and the Ahmadiyya jama'at "The Sunni segment, accounting for at least 80% of the worlds Muslim population"
   • Eastern Europe Russia and Central Asia "some 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
   • A dictionary of modern politics "probably 80% of the worlds Muslims are Sunni"
   • "Religions". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-12-24. Iliwekwa mnamo 2010-08-25. Sunni Islam accounts for over 75% of the world's Muslim population...
7. ↑ See
   • "Shīʿite". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/540503/Shiite. Retrieved 2010-08-25. "Shīʿites have come to account for roughly one-tenth of the Muslim population worldwide.".
   • "Mapping the Global Muslim Population: A Report on the Size and Distribution of the World's Muslim Population". Pew Research Center. 2009-10-07. Iliwekwa mnamo 2013-09-24. The Pew Forum's estimate of the Shia population (10-13%) is in keeping with previous estimates, which generally have been in the range of 10-15%. Some previous estimates, however, have placed the number of Shias at nearly 20% of the world's Muslim population.
   • "Shia". Berkley Center for Religion, Peace, and World Affairs. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2012-12-15. Iliwekwa mnamo Desemba 5, 2011. Shi'a Islam is the second largest branch of the tradition, with up to 200 million followers who comprise around 15% of all Muslims worldwide...{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • "Religions". The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-12-24. Iliwekwa mnamo 2010-08-25. Shia Islam represents 10-20% of Muslims worldwide...
   • Iran, Israel and the United States "The majority of the world's Islamic population, which is Sunni, accounts for over 75% of the Islamic population; the other 10-20 percent is Shia." (reference: CIA)
   • Sue Hellett; U.S. should focus on sanctions against Iran Archived 17 Machi 2012 at the Wayback Machine. "Let me review, while Shia Islam makes up only 10-20 percent of the world's Muslim population, Iraq has a Shia majority (between 60-65 percent), but had a Sunni controlled government under Saddam Hussein and cronies from 1958-2003... (If you like government figures, see the CIA World Factbook.)"
8. ↑
   • Breach of Faith. Human Rights Watch. Juni 2005. uk. 8. Iliwekwa mnamo Machi 29, 2014. Estimates of around 20 million would be appropriate{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • Larry DeVries, Don Baker, and Dan Overmyer. Asian Religions in British Columbia. University of Columbia Press. ISBN 978-0-7748-1662-5. Iliwekwa mnamo Machi 29, 2014. The community currently numbers around 15 million spread around the world{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
   • Juan Eduardo Campo. Encyclopedia of Islam. uk. 24. ISBN 0-8160-5454-1. Iliwekwa mnamo Machi 29, 2014. The total size of the Ahmadiyya community in 2001 was estimated to be more than 10 million{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • "Ahmadiyya Muslims". pbs.org. Iliwekwa mnamo 6 Oktoba 2013.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
   • A figure of 10-20 million represents approximately 1% of the Muslim population.
9. ↑ "Region: Middle East-North Africa". The Future of the Global Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2013-03-09. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
10. ↑ "Region: Sub-Saharan Africa". The Future of the Global Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2013-03-09. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
11. ↑ Encyclopædia Britannica. Britannica Book of the Year 2003. Encyclopædia Britannica, (2003) ISBN 978-0-85229-956-2 p.306
    According to the Encyclopædia Britannica, as of mid-2002, there were 376,453,000 Christians, 329,869,000 Muslims and 98,734,000 people who practiced traditional religions in Africa. Ian S. Markham, (A World Religions Reader. Cambridge, MA: Blackwell Publishers, 1996.) is cited by Morehouse University as giving the mid-1990s figure of 278,250,800 Muslims in Africa, but still as 40.8% of the total population. These numbers are estimates, and remain a matter of conjecture. See Amadu Jacky Kaba. The spread of Christianity and Islam in Africa: a survey and analysis of the numbers and percentages of Christians, Muslims and those who practice indigenous religions. The Western Journal of Black Studies, Vol 29, Number 2, June 2005. Discusses the estimations of various almanacs and encyclopedium, placing Britannica's estimate as the most agreed figure. Notes the figure presented at the World Christian Encyclopedia, summarized here Archived 5 Machi 2016 at the Wayback Machine., as being an outlier. On rates of growth, Islam and Pentecostal Christianity are highest, see: The List: The World’s Fastest-Growing Religions Archived 21 Mei 2007 at the Wayback Machine., Foreign Policy, May 2007.
12. ↑ Britannica Archived 19 Agosti 2008 at the Wayback Machine., Think Quest Archived 17 Februari 2010 at the Wayback Machine., Wadsworth.com Archived 14 Desemba 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
13. ↑ Secrets of Islam, U.S. News & World Report. Information provided by the International Population Center, Department of Geography, San Diego State University (2005).
14. ↑ See:
    • Esposito (2004) pp.2,43
    • "Islamic World". Encyclopædia Britannica Online.
    • "Major Religions of the World Ranked by Number of Adherents". Adherents.com. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2013-06-22. Iliwekwa mnamo 2007-01-09. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |= ignored (help)
    • "Muslims in Europe: Country guide", BBC News, BBC, 2005-12-23. Retrieved on 2006-09-28. 
    • "Religion In Britain". National Statistics. Office for National Statistics. 2003-02-13. Iliwekwa mnamo 2006-08-27.
15. ↑ "Muslim-Majority Countries". The Future of the Global Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-12-25. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
16. ↑ "Region: Asia-Pacific". The Future of the Global Muslim Population. Pew Research Center. Ilihifadhiwa kwenye nyaraka kutoka chanzo mnamo 2018-12-24. Iliwekwa mnamo 22 Desemba 2011. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |dead-url= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)CS1 maint: date auto-translated (link)
17. ↑ ^{17.0 17.1} "Number of Muslim by country". nationmaster.com. Iliwekwa mnamo 2007-05-30.
18. ↑ See:
    • Esposito (2002b), p.21
    • Esposito (2004), pp.2,43